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April 2025

04Apr

Investments in education can reduce the pension burden

Education investments can ease pressure on pension system: A study by the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research shows that investing in education can offset the effects of low birth rates on the pension system. Better education, higher productivity: Education increases workforce productivity and helps compensate for a smaller labor force. This reduces the burden on pensions. Investment pays off: Higher investment in education not only extends the number of working years, but also boosts pension income and life expectancy. A recently...

April 4, 2025
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04Apr

Türkiye takes measures to boost birth rate as demographic crisis looms

The Turkish government is taking significant steps to counteract a troubling demographic decline, introducing numerous incentives aimed at reversing the falling birth rate. Türkiye has declared 2025 the "Year of the Family," an initiative designed to promote childbirth, while its Ministry of Family and Social Services has unveiled a comprehensive program intended to support working mothers, which includes establishing public nurseries and kindergartens to facilitate childcare. The country's birth rate has steadily declined for years, reaching a low of 958,000 births...

April 4, 2025
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02Apr

South Korea. Low birth rate’s far-reaching impact: Sustainability of teacher pensions under threat

The impact of South Korea’s demographic crisis is far-reaching, with one lesser-known consequence being the threat to the sustainability of the teachers' pension system. As the school-age population shrinks and schools close, teachers are losing their jobs and becoming legally eligible for pension payouts much earlier than expected — sometimes as early as their 30s. According to data released by the National Assembly Budget Office, 410 pension recipients became eligible prematurely due to school closures as of 2024. Among them, individuals...

April 2, 2025
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01Apr

Italy’s fertility rate hits record low in 2024

Italy's fertility rate fell to the lowest level ever recorded in 2024, the country's main statistical entity said on Monday. According to Italy's National Statistics Institute, known as ISTAT, around 370,000 births were registered in Italy last year, a decrease of 2.6 percent from the previous year. The death rate also declined, ISTAT said, falling by 3.1 percent last year to 651,000. That means there were 281,000 more deaths than births in the country in 2024, pushing the country's average life...

April 1, 2025
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March 2025

31Mar

As the U.S. population ages, solo caregiving becomes more common

Call it a silver tsunami or just going gray. The U.S. Census Bureau reports that in just 10 years, older adults will outnumber those under 18 for the first time in U.S. history. America is aging, and that means more families providing care for parents and grandparents and even great-great-grandparents. And while much has already been said about caregiving, there is far less research into what it's like to walk that road alone. To talk about solo caregiving and...

March 31, 2025
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28Mar

Parental Leave Policies, Fertility, and Labor Supply

By Daisoon Kim & Minchul Yum South Korea has been facing persistently low fertility rates and large gender gaps in labor supply. In response, the government has expanded parental leave benefits to address these challenges. To evaluate the effectiveness of these policies, we develop a quantitative, heterogeneous-household life-cycle model in which couples make joint decisions on careers, labor supply, savings, and child-related choices, including fertility, childcare, and parental leave take-up. The model is calibrated to recent Korean cohorts to replicate...

March 28, 2025
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28Mar

Future-Proofing the Longevity Economy: Innovations and Key Trends

By World Economic Forum The world is at a pivotal moment in its demographic transition, with more than one in four people now living in countries where the population has peaked. This shift, coupled with increasing life expectancy and declining birth rates, presents both urgent challenges and unprecedented opportunities. Building on the Longevity Economy Principles, this white paper synthesizes five key trends shaping the future of the longevity economy: building resilient public retirement systems; transitioning from savings accumulation to decumulation; enhancing the...

March 28, 2025
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27Mar

How one of Japan’s largest insurers is pivoting to serve an aging population

Sompo Holdings, a leading global insurance provider, is undergoing a significant transformation under Group CEO Mikio Okumura. The company, with operations in 28 countries, has restructured into two main segments: Sompo Property and Casualty (P&C) and Sompo Wellbeing. “The integration between Sompo Japan, Sompo International, we hope they can improve resilience. They can utilize balance sheets wisely, so they can improve risk-taking capability,” Okumura told CNBC’s Christine Tan in the latest episode of Managing Asia. Okumura hopes the restructuring will help the company to compete...

March 27, 2025
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27Mar

The value of active strategies in old-age provision

The choice between active and passive strategies should not be reduced to a binary decision, eg, based solely on fees. Instead, it should reflect the investor’s unique goals, the product framework (eg, unitlinked or pension plans) and the market environment. In the context of old-age provision, we question the suitability of passive strategies. In a competitive market situation, with greater volatility and structural shifts, we think active approaches with selective decisions have greater potential to outperform and protect...

March 27, 2025
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26Mar

Why China is betting on birth subsidies to solve its population crisis

When Tang Tang, a mother from Tianmen in central China, gave birth to her second child in December, it brought her family untold joy – and a thick wad of cash. Within months of leaving hospital, the local government paid Tang a 6,500-yuan (US$897) reward for having two children as part of a new birth subsidy scheme introduced last year. She will also receive an 800-yuan allowance every month until her new baby turns three. For a family in Tianmen, where...

March 26, 2025
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