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May 2024

The Incidence of Workplace Pensions: Evidence from the Uk’s Automatic Enrollment Mandate

By Rachel Scarfe, Daniel Schaefer & Tomasz Sulka We examine who bears the costs of mandated workplace pension programs, exploiting the quasi-experimental rollout of automatic enrollment in the UK. Total compensation (take-home pay plus employer contributions) increases, driven by employer contributions, while the amount of take-home pay decreases. These effects differ by employer size, with take-home pay declining to an extent in the largest firms that we can rule out a pass-through to employees of more than 47%, significantly less...

How Hidden Costs Undermine Public Pensions in the US

 By Richard Ennis Public pension plans in the US incur exorbitant asset management costs. Most spend a lot and get nothing for it. High cost has hindered efforts to realize their actuarial return requirement. It has resulted in poor performance pretty much across the board. And yet, very few plans provide a full accounting of the costs they incur. Some still fail to net all their investment expenses from the returns they report. High cost is the Achilles heel of...

Gobernanza y fondos de pensiones. Análisis de mejores prácticas internacionales

Por Ezequiel Avilés Ochoa & Luis Roberto Torres López  El objetivo de este texto es presentar un análisis de las mejores prácticas de gobernanza de fondos de pensiones en el contexto internacional, y estructurar un marco referencial para la orientación de la política pública de los institutos de pensiones. Por un lado, realiza una revisión teórica de la literatura científica sobre los paradigmas de la gobernanza; y por otro, ofrece resultados que muestran que las mejores prácticas incluyen: transparencia, toma...

Cuidados de la vejez y oferta laboral femenina en América Latina

Por Elisa Failache Mirza, Noemí Katzkowicz, Fabrizio Méndez Rivero, Cecilia Parada Larre B & Martina Querejeta R. El envejecimiento poblacional se posiciona como un importante cambio demográfico. Este trabajo analiza las características de los adultos mayores en situación de dependencia, las estrategias de cuidado y el perfil de personas cuidadoras para Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, El Salvador y Uruguay. La población en situación de dependencia funcional es mayoritariamente femenina y mayor de 75 años. Entre un 54 % y un 70 %...

Policy Ideas for Boosting Defined Benefit Pensions In The Private Sector

By Dan Doonan, John Lowell, Jonathan Price, Michael Kreps, Tyler Bond & Zorast Wadia In response to a request for information issued by the U.S. Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee, the National Institute on Retirement Security has submitted a research issue brief with policy ideas to help expand defined benefit (DB) pension coverage for private-sector employees. The research brief, Policy Ideas for Boosting Defined Benefit Pensions In The Private Sector, details six options  for Congress to consider to...

Intergenerational redistribution in a pay-as-you-go pension system

By Jacob Lundberg This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the generational wealth transfer within Sweden’s public pay-as-you-go pension system introduced in 1960. Using extensive administrative registers, the paper quantifies the contributions made and benefits received by each birth cohort. The findings reveal a substantial fiscal imbalance favouring the initial generation (born in the early 20th century), who received a net gain of $1.5 trillion in today’s present value, equivalent to up to 13% of their discounted lifetime income. This...

Middle-aged and Older Adult Employment and the Perceived Risk of Running Out of Money during COVID-19: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis

By Andy Sharma  The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) adversely impacted the health of middle-aged and older adults and altered their economic outlook. Several national polls revealed older adults felt stress about money and many reported difficulties in paying expenses during 2021. While such descriptive reports have raised awareness, peer-reviewed studies utilizing panel data can offer additional insight. As such, the purpose of this study was to contribute to this growing literature by examining the demographic, economic, and health factors...

El sistema de protección de ingresos a las personas mayores en Paraguay. Aportes para mejorar la cobertura, equidad y sostenibilidad

Por Ignacio Apella & Guillermo Montt El estudio, elaborado en conjunto por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo y el Banco Mundial, examina el actual marco de protección social en el Paraguay y ofrece recomendaciones para abordar los desafíos presentes y futuros del Sistema. Libro completo aquí

Avances y obstáculos en el sistema de pensiones en Chile (1980-2023)

Por Oswaldo Larragaña  El objetivo del próximo Informe sobre Desarrollo Humano (2024): del PNUD Chile, es analizar la capacidad de la sociedad chilena para acordar y conducir cambios sociales. Con este propósito, el presente documento analiza, en clave de economía política, la evolución que ha tenido en las décadas recientes el sistema de pensiones chileno. El eje del actual sistema es el pilar de capitalización individual, que ha tenido deficientes resultados en términos del monto de las pensiones que paga y...

Pensioen SPECULOOS: Lessons from Brazil for Belgium

By Arun Muralidhar A commonly-accepted retirement goal for a healthy pension is for it to sustain the relatively higher standard-of-living of the latter part of one’s working life throughout retirement. A recent innovation implemented by Brazil in January 2023 might provide a solution to the pension challenges faced by Belgium, and more importantly, satisfy the key goals identified by Belgium Government. We recommend Belgium create and issue an innovative new bond – SPECial ULtra-long Obligatie (PensiOen) Salarisstook (SPECULOOS), known previously...