December 2022

Los efectos de la política que permite el retiro del fondo de pensiones acumulado sobre la afiliación en el sistema de pensiones

Los efectos de la política que permite el retiro del fondo de pensiones acumulado sobre la afiliación en el sistema de pensiones

Por: Ascona Santos & Daniel Abrahan Esta investigación estudia el efecto que tiene la ley N° 30425, que permite el retiro de hasta el 95.5% de los fondos de los afiliados de las AFP, en la probabilidad de decisión de afiliación a un sistema de pensiones. Con ello, se trata de evaluar el efecto en la cobertura del sistema de pensiones peruano. Es decir, evaluar cómo ha sido el efecto, y si este ha sido positivo para la cobertura. Para...

Ser mujer mayor y habitar la ciudad en América Latina. Una revisión situada y crítica

Ser mujer mayor y habitar la ciudad en América Latina. Una revisión situada y crítica

Por: Jennifer Diana Brito Pacheco & Juan Mansilla Sepúlveda El manuscrito estudia las categorías de género y edad en las ciudades latinoamericanas a partir perspectivas teóricas provenientes de la gerontología, geografía y urbanismo feminista. Así, presenta las implicancias de habitar la ciudad desde el ser mujer, la feminización del envejecimiento y la etapa de la vejez, temática relevante y contingente asociada al incremento de las tasas de longevidad. Sin embargo, vivir más revela las diferencias ineludibles de dicho proceso entre hombres...

Envejecimiento en América Latina y el Caribe: inclusión y derechos de las personas mayores

En América Latina y el Caribe, el envejecimiento poblacional —fenómeno demográfico que se caracteriza por el incremento de la proporción de personas mayores y la prolongación del curso de vida— plantea oportunidades y desafíos de política pública. En este documento se presenta el informe de América Latina y el Caribe para el cuarto examen y evaluación del Plan de Acción Internacional de Madrid sobre el Envejecimiento (2002). Se analiza el panorama actual del envejecimiento en la región y de...

Turn the Ship: The Moral Imperative and Legal Authority to Protect Retirees with Defaulted Student Loans from Social Security Offset

Turn the Ship: The Moral Imperative and Legal Authority to Protect Retirees with Defaulted Student Loans from Social Security Offset

By: Johnson Tyler The U.S. Department of Education (ED) is not powerless when it comes to debt collection or defaulted borrowers. It both has the moral imperative and legal authority to stop seizing Social Security benefits from elderly (62+) borrowers in default. An underutilized law allows an agency to exempt an entire class of debtors from Treasury Offset, the debt collection process that leads to the reduction of Social Security payments. This paper explains the history of offset; why recent...

Inferring Occupation Arduousness from Poor Health Beyond the Age of 50

Inferring Occupation Arduousness from Poor Health Beyond the Age of 50

By: Vincent Vandenberghe In the absence of a direct description of occupation arduousness, this paper shows how it can be inferred from poor health beyond the age of 50. Using retrospective lifetime data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) including the respondents’ professional career described with ISCO 2-digit, this paper finds a statistically significant link between many occupations and the risk of poor health beyond the age of 50. Next, we quantify the relative contribution...

International Comparative Analysis of Worker Age Distribution in the Service Industry

International Comparative Analysis of Worker Age Distribution in the Service Industry

By: Donghee Lee The problem of youth unemployment has recently become one of the hottest issues in the South Korean economy. The unemployment rate of the youth, those aged 15 to 29, hit 9.0% in 2014, which is the highest on record since the Asian financial crisis in 1997. This raises concern because while the unemployment rate for all ages fell 0.2%p during 2010~2014, the youth unemployment rate rose 1.0%p in the same period. In addition, the Korean employment rate...

Declining US Natural Interest Rate: Quantifying and Qualifying the Role of Pensions

Declining US Natural Interest Rate: Quantifying and Qualifying the Role of Pensions

By: Jacopo Bonchi & Giacomo Caracciolo We develop a life-cycle model and calibrate it to the US economy to quantify and qualify the role of the public pension system for the past and future trend of the natural interest rate, the so-called r∗. Between 1970 and 2015, past pension reforms mitigated the secular decline in r∗, raising it by around 1%, mainly through the positive effect of a higher replacement rate. As regards the future, we simulate the demographic trends, expected...

Conversion from DB to DC: The EU Pension Custodian

Conversion from DB to DC: The EU Pension Custodian

By: Hans van Meerten Worldwide we see a move to DC schemes. Most – if not all countries – choose the operate DB next to DC. However, in The Netherlands, the legislator choose for so-called conversion: transforming 'old' DB- to 'new' DC. In 2011, the Dutch legislator introduced the so called 'Pension Custodian'. It could only be used for the Dutch 2nd pillar DC IORP, the PPI. This Pension Custodion should *not* be confused with the IORP II Custodian. However, with the implementation of...

Spending Trajectories after Age 65: Variation by Initial Wealth

Spending Trajectories after Age 65: Variation by Initial Wealth

By: M Hurd & Susann Rohwedder   There has been extensive research on the importance of saving for retirement and on tools to support the accumulation of retirement wealth. Much less attention has been paid to the decumulation phase, that is, the spending down of wealth following retirement. Understanding the decumulation phase requires information about the spending patterns of older households and how those patterns evolve with age. This study uses comprehensive longitudinal data on total household spending from a survey...

The Underpensioned Index 2022 Edition

By The Pensions Policy Institute This report, the third in the series, provides an updated version of the Index, alongside recent data illustrating changes, particularly in the labour market and pension saving, that have been experienced by underpensioned groups since the first Index. Recognising that the current economic landscape is challenging, some of these changes may reflect current circumstances rather than long-term trends, and some of the policies that may be suggested as potential remedies to the underpensioned challenge may not be appropriate to enact during the...