Recent discussions about Jamaica’s declining birth rate have sparked national debate, but another pressing demographic shift remains overlooked , the rapidly ageing population.

While efforts to address low birth rates are important, the growing number of seniors presents complex challenges that require urgent attention. According to the Ministry of Health and Wellness, approximately 17 per cent of Jamaica’s population will be aged 60 and older by 2025, an increase from 12 per cent in previous years.

This figure is projected to rise further as the elderly population continues to grow. This trend mirrors global patterns, with Latin America and the Caribbean among the fastest-ageing regions worldwide. According to the World Bank, advances in healthcare and improved living conditions have contributed to rising life expectancy, now averaging 76 years for women and 73 years for men, up from 68 years in 1990.

This demographic shift has far-reaching consequences. Jamaica’s healthcare system will be under increasing strain as chronic illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes, and dementia become more prevalent. Long-term care will be in higher demand, yet there are not enough facilities to house seniors, nor is institutional care the preferred option for most older adults.

At the same time, social security and pension systems must sustain a growing retiree population while fewer young workers enter the workforce. The financial burden of elder care, if unaddressed, will weigh heavily on families and the nation as a whole. The issue extends beyond economics – rising cases of elder abuse, social isolation, and financial scams highlight vulnerabilities that require immediate policy action.

AGE-FRIENDLY INFRASTRUCTURE

Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago have started to look at integrating health and social services, creating more age-friendly infrastructure, and expanding community-based support networks. Globally, models such as Canada’s emphasise policies that allow seniors to remain independent through home-based care, structured day programmes, and better integration of healthcare services. While each country’s approach is shaped by its unique context, Jamaica can draw from these experiences to develop practical solutions that align with its own needs and realities.

Jamaica’s approach to ageing must focus on in-home and community-based support services. Most older adults prefer to age in place, and the country simply will not be able to build enough long-term care facilities to house the growing senior population. Expanding access to home healthcare, caregiver support, and local community programs will be critical in ensuring that seniors maintain their independence for as long as possible. At the same time, Jamaica must strengthen legislative protections to prevent elder abuse, expand healthcare capacity for geriatrics, and ensure that pension and social security systems remain viable for future generations.

Ageing should not be seen as a crisis, but as an opportunity to rethink how society supports its elderly citizens. Jamaica must reimagine its healthcare system to prioritise preventative care, early intervention, and chronic disease management. Investment in geriatric training for healthcare workers will be essential. Currently, there is a shortage of geriatricians and trained caregivers, which limits the quality of care available for older adults. Incentives to attract more professionals into the field of senior care will be necessary.

TECHNOLOGY

Technology can also play a role. Digital health solutions, remote monitoring, and telemedicine could help seniors access medical care without travelling long distances. Wearable health devices and home monitoring systems can reduce emergency hospital visits and improve overall well-being. These solutions must be integrated into Jamaica’s health strategy to meet the evolving needs of its ageing population.

Beyond healthcare, housing must be addressed. Affordable senior housing, designed with accessibility and safety in mind, will become more important. The government should explore partnerships with private developers and NGOs to create communities where seniors can live independently but with the necessary support services available.

Economic opportunities for older adults should also be part of the conversation. Retirement does not mean seniors are incapable of contributing to society. Many have valuable skills and experience. Programs that encourage part-time work, volunteerism, or mentorship can provide seniors with purpose while benefiting younger generations. Countries like Japan have successfully implemented senior employment programs, keeping older adults engaged and financially secure. Jamaica could take inspiration from these models.

Support for caregivers is another crucial area that cannot be overlooked. Family members and professional caregivers are essential to ensuring that seniors receive quality care, yet they often face high levels of stress and financial strain. Many caregivers must balance work and caregiving responsibilities, which can lead to burnout and lost income. Policies that provide caregiver support–such as paid leave, financial assistance, and respite care – will help them continue to contribute to both their families and the economy. Training programmes and mental health resources for caregivers should also be expanded, ensuring they have the skills and support needed to provide effective care.

Policymakers must also ensure financial security for seniors. Pensions and social security programs must be sustainable. Many older Jamaicans lack sufficient savings for retirement, putting them at risk of poverty. Strengthening financial literacy programmes and promoting better retirement planning from an earlier age will help future generations avoid financial insecurity in old age.

The time for discussion has long passed. Jamaica is standing on the edge of a demographic tsunami, and without urgent intervention, the system will be overwhelmed. This shift is not a distant possibility–it is happening now. Policymakers, healthcare leaders, and communities must act decisively to strengthen support structures, protect seniors’ rights, and ensure economic and social stability in the face of this transformation.

Ageing is inevitable, but with the right policies and investments, it does not have to be a crisis. It can be an opportunity to create a society that values, supports, and respects its elders.

Read more @jamaica gleaner