March 2024
22Mar

Childhood Experience and Expected Sources of Income in Old Age

By Huabin Bian, Fei Jin, Qingfu Liu & Yiuman Tse This paper uses the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database to explore the impact of family relationships in childhood (CFR) and economic conditions in childhood (CEC) on awareness of income sources in old age (AOAIS). We find that people whose family relationships in childhood were harmonious have passive AOAIS, whereas those with favorable economic conditions in childhood demonstrate proactive AOAIS. CFR affects AOAIS through family values, while CEC influences...

March 22, 2024
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22Mar

Pension funds and fossil fuel phase-out: historical developments and limitations of pension climate strategies

 By Clara McDonnell Despite the decades of international climate negotiations and several landmark agreements, global efforts to date to restrict fossil fuel production in line with climate targets have been unsuccessful. As national and international policies continue to fall short of phasing out fossil fuels, increasing attention has been paid to non-state actors, like pension funds, as a potential source of more ambitious climate action. As major asset owners, large shareholders in fossil fuel companies, and historically activist investors, pension...

March 22, 2024
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15Mar

Unpackaging ESG: Evidence from 401(k) Investment

By Jiaxing Tian & Jiahong Shi We study how investors respond to scandals related to three distinct aspects of ESG--E(nvironmental), S(ocial) and G(overnance)--in their retirement savings. Using data on 401(k) investments, we show that nearby ESG scandals correlate with increased ESG fund additions and flows, possibly through ``evoking'' their existing sustainable preferences. Investors with different characteristics respond heterogeneously to E, S and G scandals. In magnitude, old investors are twice as likely as young investors to add ESG funds to...

March 15, 2024
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15Mar

The Lifelong Benefits of Improved Financial Literacy

By Annamaria Lusardi Annamaria Lusardi talked with Retirement Management Journal Editorial Advisory Board Members in June 2023 about benchmarking and assessing financial literacy, how it compares globally and why it matters, and providing financial education to improve retirement readiness. Source SSRN

March 15, 2024
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15Mar

An Assessment of the 2019 and 2020 Pension Reforms in Mexico

By Boele Bonthuis In recent years the Mexican pension system has changed significantly. In 2019 the existing means-tested social pension was made universal – covering everyone over the age of 65 – and the benefit level increased. In 2020, the main regime of the private sector was substantially reformed, increasing contribution rates for the funded defined contribution system, lowering the minimum years of contributions needed to receive an earnings-related pension, and increasing minimum pensions. This paper tries to assess the...

March 15, 2024
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08Mar

Gender Pension Gap in EU Countries: A Between-Group Inequality Approach

By Antonio Abatemarco, Elena Lagomarsino & Maria Russolillo  Pension entitlements are influenced by individual career paths and labor market conditions, which often result in gender-based disparities. Women face several challenges during their working lives, such as late entry into the labor market, the gender pay gap, discontinuous working careers, and early retirement due to family caregiving, which lead to lower pension incomes. This paper investigates the gender pension gap in nine European Union countries from 2004 to 2020. Our study...

March 8, 2024
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08Mar

The gender pension gap: What does it tell us and what should be done about it?

By Miglena Abels, Loli Arribas-Banos & Gustavo Demarco Despite recent attention in the media, progress in closing the gender pension gap in most countries has halted. These sources point to a stark disparity in retirement outcomes, with women receiving pensions that are between 25% to 30% lower than those of men. Methodological differences to estimate the gap don’t make it less striking and are no excuse for inaction. Source World Bank

March 8, 2024
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01Mar

Fiscal Stimulus or Debt Relief: The Effect of Federal Pandemic Aid on State and Local Pensions

By Grace Brang, Sewin Chan & Travis St. Clair Between 2020-2021, the U.S. federal government passed four major pieces of legislation that included nearly $1 trillion in aid to state and local governments. One concern with distributing federal stimulus in the form of intergovernmental transfers is that subnational governments may use the aid to pay down unfunded pension liabilities or other debt rather than preserve employment. We examine the effect of fiscal stimulus passed in response to Covid-19 on public...

March 1, 2024
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01Mar

Lessons from the Pan-European Personal Pension product (PEPP)

By Hans van Meerten Europe has come up with legislation for a new individual pension product: the PEPP. This introduces an individual retirement account that can be rolled out in the entire European Union (EU). And can be offered to citizens worldwide. Europe – like most continents - is ageing at a rapid pace. In 2060, there will be two people at a working age for every pensioner, in comparison with four people at a working age at the present time....

March 1, 2024
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01Mar

Financial Fragility, Financial Resilience, and Pension Distributions

By Robert L. Clark & Olivia S. Mitchell We evaluate Americans’ financial robustness during the Covid-19 pandemic, using measures of financial resilience and financial fragility derived from US surveys of persons age 45-75 from 2020 to 2022. We analyze which factors were associated with resilience and fragility, discuss how these measures changed during the pandemic, and assess whether pre-pandemic resilience led to better outcomes during the period. Results show that stronger resilience was protective in terms of financial fragility, and financial literacy...

March 1, 2024
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