While the United States is beginning to take notice of investments backed by environmental, social and governance principles, the majority of European pensions have already adopted the ESG theme.

According to Mercer’s most recent European Asset Allocation Survey, the majority of European pension funds now incorporate environmental, social, and governance risks into their investments, compared to just two years ago when less than half even considered ESG as an option, Chief Investment Officer reports.

The survey results showed that 89% of respondents said they considered ESG risks, compared to 55% last year, and more than double the 40% of respondents who considered ESG investments in 2018.

“It is encouraging to see such a strong increase in ESG risk awareness, including the potential impact of climate change, on the part of institutional investors,” Jo Holden, Mercer’s European director of strategic research, said in a statement. “We can see this awareness emerging as more schemes and company sponsors witness how ESG risks in their portfolios may impact investment returns and how the company and scheme is perceived by the public.”

Climate change considerations was a standout ESG theme. In 2019, the number of pensions considering climate change dipped to 14% of respondents from 17% in 2018. Mercer said the decline was “disappointing to see” and expected the number of pensions considering climate change would bounce back in 2020. The past remarks were prescient as 54% of pension funds now say they consider climate change risks.

“In a year that saw activist Greta Thunberg, with others, organizing global school strikes to raise climate change awareness and witnessed vast swaths of the world on fire,” according to the Mercder report, “it is not surprising that a growing number of investors are considering the investment risk of climate change.” Mercer also attributes the rise in ESG considerations due to the European regulatory environment.

For instance, they highlighted the 2017 European Pensions Directive, IORP II, and the UK’s Department for Work and Pensions’ introduction of regulations in 2018 on how trustees should consider financially material ESG risks in investment decisions, notably those related to climate change. More recently in May, an amendment was added to the UK’s Pension Schemes Bill requiring trustees and managers of certain occupational pension plans to consider climate change and to include information relating to those effects.

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