By Sebastian Köhne I study life-expectancy inequality in a Mirrleesian life-cycle framework with pension-linked fiscal externalities and private retirement saving. Heterogeneous longevity affects optimal redistribution by changing both the expected fiscal cost of pension benefits and the mapping from disposable income into social marginal welfare. I derive an ABCD optimal tax formula that incorporates these […]

By Clara Andresciani, Debora Di Gioacchino & Laura Sabani This paper revisits the “decongestion effect” argument, according to which greater reliance on privately financed healthcare relieves pressure on public services. We develop a probabilistic voting model in which individuals, who differ in income, may purchase tax-deductible private health insurance, thereby gaining access to private care […]

By Xueyao Que, Zhen Wang & Chu Chen Against the backdrop of rapid population ageing and the ongoing expansion of China’s multi-tiered pension insurance system, understanding how to promote household risk investment has become increasingly important for fostering the development of the silver economy and improving household wealth allocation. Using data from the 2019 China […]

The poverty rate of people 65+ is the highest of all age groups and is growing, according to an AARP Foundation analysis of 2025 supplemental poverty rate data on older adults released by the U.S. Census. The report assessed Census data for adults aged 65+ along with those aged 50-64, as near-retirement poverty can portend […]

Employee contributions into private sector defined contribution occupational pension schemes reached £3.2bn in the first quarter of 2026, according to ONS data. This figure represents an increase of around £600m from £2.6bn in Q1 of 2025. Employer contributions also increased significantly, rising from £6.2bn in Q1 2025 to £6.8bn in Q1 2026. Active membership of […]

Pakistan is considering a voluntary pension scheme for domestic workers, agricultural workers, self-employed persons and other informal workers currently outside the formal pension system. The development emerged during a meeting of the Cabinet Committee on Pension Reforms for the Uncovered Labour Force, chaired by Federal Minister for Law and Justice Senator Azam Nazeer Tarar. The […]

Older Americans make up an ever-larger share of the workforce, a trend that dates to the 1990s. Over the past few years, however, the employment rate among older Americans has been falling. Or “collapsing,” as one report puts it. The share of Americans ages 55 and over participating in the labor force dropped from 39.2% […]