By Jing Wang & Jiuheng He Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have become central to public-facing policy programs, yet they remain undertheorized, only treated as either instruments or objects of such policies. This paper argues that ICTs in such programs operate as transductive infrastructures, a delivery chain not only transmitting policy information but also defining […]

By Alina Malkova When governments expand pension systems, families reduce intergenerational transfers. This paper tests the reverse: do families substitute back toward informal insurance when governments renege on pension promises? I study Russia’s 2014 funded pension freeze, which eliminated future contributions for workers born after 1967, using RLMS panel data (2010–2023) and a cohort difference-in-differences […]

By Allen Mendenhall & Dan Sutter State public pension systems manage over $6 trillion in assets while facing approximately $1.3 trillion in unfunded liabilities, raising fundamental questions about governance effectiveness and fiduciary accountability. This Article examines these challenges through the analytical framework of governance, applying insights from public choice, principal-agent models, and corporate governance to […]

 America’s state and local pension systems are in their strongest funded position since 2009, according to State of Pensions 2026, Equable Institute’s seventh annual analysis of 253 statewide and municipal retirement systems across all 50 states and D.C. The national funded ratio is projected to reach 85.0% in FY2026, up 3.9 points from 81.2% in […]

Torsten Bell’s reappointment to his dual role at the Department for Work and Pensions and HM Treasury has been broadly welcomed by the pensions industry. However, experts have reiterated the need for stability and a sharper focus on delivering reforms. Bell will remain pensions minister following the government reshuffle confirmed on 22 July, avoiding what […]

The U.S. Department of Labor has expanded its campaign to defend employers’ utilization of pension risk transfer transactions by filing an amicus brief in a Bristol-Myers Squibb appeal, joining a coalition of business groups, insurers and state attorneys general urging the U.S. 2nd Circuit Court of Appeals to reverse a district court decision that allowed […]

Get personalized, AI-powered answers built on 27+ years of trusted expertise. For many millennials, millionaire retirement status can feel simultaneously necessary and out of reach. Living costs are high, housing remains expensive, and student debt has weighed on many savers during their prime wealth-building years. But Vanguard’s latest retirement data suggests the picture is not […]