By Yi Fan, Shuangshuang Song & Yewen Yu Population aging and fertility decline are occurring simultaneously worldwide, straining labor supply and pension systems. China began a gradual delayedretirement (GDR) reform in 2025, raising statutory retirement ages on different schedules for men, female cadres, and female workers across birth cohorts. To evaluate its effects on older […]

By Valter Manuel Gomes Neto Brazil’s rapid demographic transition presents growing challenges for the sustainability, coverage, and adequacy of its pension system. Although the 2019 pension reform improved fiscal sustainability, population ageing and persistent labour informality continue to place pressure on pension financing and old-age income security. Drawing on existing research and policy evidence, this […]

By Alfredo Merlet Between January and September 2026, Fund E, the most conservative of Chile’s five mandatory pension fund types, lost about ten per cent in real terms, its second-worst result on record, while the funds’ positions in foreign interest-rate derivatives swung to a reported valuation loss of about US$7.7 billion. This article asks why […]

The most recent projections point to a sharp expansion of the assets in the Mexican pension system. Beyond the differences among estimates, the challenge will not merely be accumulating these resources, but finding where to invest them efficiently. The retirement savings system in Mexico is entering a new stage of growth. The gradual effects of […]

When a researcher resigned from Anthropic out of fear that artificial intelligence might destroy all of humanity, the startling revelation panicked everyday Americans and spurred policymakers around the world to action. It also troubled the supervisors for the largest public pension in the United States, setting off a debate last month about whether the funds […]

Pensioners on low incomes will be shielded from income tax by Chancellor John Healey in his first Budget on Wednesday. The full, flat-rate state pension is expected to increase by 3.9% to £13,036.40 a year from April. This would take the payment above the £12,570 personal tax allowance and therefore be liable for income tax […]

Families in China are for the first time supporting more elderly people than children, the country’s government has said. Official data released in the last week show the ratio of China’s dependent elderly people compared to the working age population rose to 23% last year, overtaking the figure for children, which stood at 22%. The […]