January 2024

Inter-Generational Spillovers in Labor Supply: Evidence from a Danish Retirement Reform

By Malene C. F. Laczek In this paper, I study how the labor supply of one generation affects the next. Utilizing longitudinal Danish register data and a large retirement reform, I document that parents’ retirement significantly affects the labor supply of their adult children. This inter-generational link is driven solely by mothers. Concretely, mothers’ retirement permanently increases their adult children’s income rank by 7 income rank points, driven by increased hours worked, participation in the labor force, improved occupational rank,...

Egypt to increase minimum wages, pensions within two months: Official

Sabry added that this move aims to alleviate the impact of the global economic situation on the public, especially with the approach of the holy month of Ramadan. “This step aligns with President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi's directives to support citizens and alleviate their financial burdens, given the unprecedented rise in price levels and inflation,” Sabry added in a phone call with the Salet El-Tahrir TV show on Sada El-Balad channel. The anticipated wage increases will be the third in a year. Egypt’s headline...

How Gen Z is navigating the world of wealth

More than 50 percent of the world’s population is under the age of 30. But raging global inflation means most of Gen Z, born in the late 1990s to late 2010s, can barely afford to pay rent and food bills. However, Gen Z is starting to harness its increasing buying muscle (see Fig 1) and the way they view their financial choices is different to previous generations. So, who are Gen Z listening to and trusting? Dr Michael Harrison is...

December 2023

UK. DWP urges people buying State Pension top-ups to check uplift will be applied to payments first

New figures published by the UK Government show that at the end of March 2023, the number of people making voluntary National Insurance (NI) contributions to top-up their State Pension has surged by 85 per cent over the last year. The National Insurance Fund Accounts indicate that £391,973,000 worth of Class 3 NI contributions were made for the year ending March 31, compared to £212,311,000 paid in the previous year. However, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) is urging people thinking...

Retirement Trajectories and Social Security’s Retirement Earnings Test

By Bob Joondeph Chair, Nancy J. Altman, Jagadeesh Gokhale & Amy Shuart Social Security’s retirement earnings test (RET) temporarily withholds or reduces the Social Security benefits of people below full retirement age (FRA) who work and earn above a certain threshold while collecting retirement benefits. Those benefits are increased at FRA to account for the months when benefits were withheld or reduced under the RET. The legislative intent of the RET, which has been part of the law since Social...

Innovative Combo Product Design Embedding Variable Annuity and Long-Term Care Insurance Contracts

By Yang Shen, Michael Sherris, Yawei Wang & Jonathan Ziveyi This paper presents a novel combo insurance product design consisting of a variable annuity contract embedded with guaranteed minimum income benefits and long-term care insurance. This combo product provides enhanced benefits when the policyholder is functionally disabled. The Hamiltonian Monte Carlo simulation technique is utilised for numerically valuing the combo product whose underlying fund is proportionally invested in multiple asset classes. Product features including the elimination period and the maximum...

Annuities Are Back in Favour

"In an environment of high market volatility and high interest rates, life annuities are an option to consider again," says Spencer Look, director at the Morningstar Center of retirement and policy studies in Chicago. "Interest rates, he continues, are allowing annuity income levels not seen since the mid-2000s." The figures in Quebec confirm this, showing an increase of 17.7% between 2021 and 2022. Of the six main product categories listed in the 2022 Annual Report on Financial Institutions and Credit...

November 2023

How to Calculate Your Retirement Cost of Living

When it comes to retirement, understanding the potential cost of living is important for effective financial planning. Without a clear idea of these costs, you can run the risk of outliving your savings or compromising your lifestyle. Here’s what you need to know to calculate your retirement cost of living. A financial advisor can help you determine what you need to put in your budget for retirement. Finding a financial advisor doesn’t have to be hard. SmartAsset’s free tool matches you with up to three...

Social Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean 2022: Transforming education as a basis for sustainable development

By ECLAC Social Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean, 2022 has four chapters. Chapter I presents the relevant macroeconomic background in terms of the evolution of per capita GDP, employment, household income distribution and the consumer price index, and looks at how income inequality and poverty have changed over the past two decades (2002–2021). The chapter also discusses changes that occurred in social stratification during the pandemic. Chapter II addresses the worrying silent crisis of education as another of the...

The National Landscape of State Retirement Benefits

By Jonathan Moody & Anthony Randazzo   Retirement security is ultimately about retirement income. Families and individuals want to know that during their retirement years they will have enough weekly, monthly, or annual income to live comfortably and meet their basic needs. Of course, many people aspire to more than just the basics. Ask even a handful of individuals about how they want to live in retirement, and you’ll hear a wide range of preferences. Expenses can vary from family-to-family, too,...